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BC: THE END | By: Alex Gauvin and Bobby Cater

FC: Rocks and Minerals | By: Alex Gauvin & Bobby Cater

1: Igneous Rock | The word "igneous" comes from the Greek word fire. Deep inside the earth, the temperature is very high and the minerals there are in liquid form called magma. | Stone Mountain | - | Q: How is it formed? A: Directly from the cooling of magma. | Examples: Andesite, Basalt Lava, Obsidian and many others. | Q: How is it transformed? A: Igneous rocks are formed from the molten liquid minerals that lie below the earth's crust.(Intrusive)

2: Sedimentary Rock | Q: How is it formed? A: They are formed by weathering and concretion. | Q: How is it transformed? A: Erosion, lithification, and compaction | Examples: Breccia, limestone, shale

3: Metamorphic Rock | Q: How is it formed? A: Heat and pressure. | Q: How is it transformed? A: By fluids and strain. | Examples: Marble, slate, gneiss.

6: Silcate Minerals: There are two types of chemical composition: Felsic and Mafic. | Major Characteristics: most abundant mineral, and all sedimentary rocks are made up of them. | Examples: Quartz, Feldspar, and Micas.

8: Nonsilicate Minerals | Most of the basic group of non- silicate minerals are called native elements. These elements are those with chemical formulae consisting of only one element. | Examples: Pyrite, Oxides, and Sulfides.

11: Solidification of a melt | This occurs when lava or magma is erupted into open space and cooled. Scientist use this to grow synthetic minerals by heating rock and then letting it cool to a certain point. | Examples: Rubies, Sapphires, and Turquoise.

12: Precipitation from solution | The formation of a solid in a solution or inside another solid during a chemical reaction or by diffusion in a solid. Scientist use chemical reactions to break down and create new minerals. | Examples: Breccia, Shale, Sandstone

14: Solid state diffusion | Examples: Marble, Gneiss, Quartzite. | Is Numerous chemical reactions or micro-structural changes in solids take place through solid state diffusion, i.e. the movement and transport of atoms in solid phases. Scientists use this method by transporting atoms to make new minerals.